What are the two types of macular degeneration?

Macular degeneration primarily presents in two forms: dry and wet. The dry form, also known as atrophic macular degeneration, accounts for approximately 90% of cases and is characterized by the gradual thinning of the macula, which can lead to a slow progression of vision loss. The wet form, or neovascular macular degeneration, involves the growth of abnormal blood vessels under the retina that may leak fluid or blood, causing more rapid and severe vision loss than the dry type.

Understanding the distinction between these two types is crucial for management and treatment strategies, as wet macular degeneration may require interventions such as anti-VEGF therapies or photocoagulation. In contrast, dry macular degeneration may be managed through dietary modifications and regular monitoring, as there are no definitive treatments available to halt its progression.

The other options do not accurately represent the primary classifications of macular degeneration. Juxtafoveal pertains to a location of abnormal changes in the retina rather than a distinct type of macular degeneration. Age-related and congenital could relate to the causes of macular degeneration but do not define the different forms of the disease. Similarly, macular and retinal describe areas of eye anatomy rather than the conditions themselves. Therefore, recognizing dry and wet as