What syndrome is microglossia often associated with?

Microglossia, which is a condition characterized by an abnormally small tongue, is most commonly associated with Hypoglossia-Hypodactilia syndrome. This syndrome combines the features of both hypoglossia (underdeveloped or absent tongue) and hypodactilia (deficiencies in the number of fingers or toes). The presence of microglossia in this context is particularly significant, as it helps in identifying the characteristic features of this specific genetic condition.

In contrast, while Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, and Williams syndrome may present with a variety of other physical features and developmental concerns, they are not primarily associated with microglossia. Down syndrome is known for characteristics such as distinct facial features and intellectual disability. Turner syndrome primarily involves female development issues due to the absence of one X chromosome and can lead to features such as short stature and ovarian dysfunction. Williams syndrome includes cardiovascular issues and distinct facial features but does not specifically include microglossia as a major characteristic.

Understanding these connections is important for recognizing how certain physical features can indicate broader syndromic conditions, assisting healthcare professionals in accurate diagnosis and management.