Which condition is characterized by dry eyes?

The condition characterized by dry eyes is xerophthalmia. This term specifically refers to a deficiency in the production of tears, leading to dryness of the eyes. It can occur due to various factors, including vitamin A deficiency or certain health conditions that affect tear production. Individuals with xerophthalmia may experience symptoms such as irritation, redness, and a gritty sensation in the eyes, which are direct results of inadequate moisture.

Xerostomia, on the other hand, refers to dry mouth, which involves insufficient saliva production rather than issues related to the eyes. Pterygium is a growth of fleshy tissue on the conjunctiva of the eye and does not primarily involve dryness, though it can affect vision. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic skin condition characterized by itchy, inflamed skin, and while it can lead to dry skin, it does not specifically denote dry eyes. Hence, xerophthalmia is the correct choice as it directly pertains to the condition of having dry eyes.